Long-term follow-up evaluation of autologous chondrocyte implantation for symptomatic cartilage lesions of the knee: A single-centre prospective study

IntroductionAutologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) has been the first technique in reconstruction of a valid articular surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical results of this technique at an average follow up of 162 ± 27 months (range 88–208) in a group of patients who underwent ACI.Materials and methods32 patients were operated between 1997 and 2007 for chondral lesions or osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. Mean size of the defect was 5.48 cm² ± 1.53 (range 2–9). Nine patients were treated with I generation technique and 23 with II generation. All patients were evaluated with Subjective IKDC and Tegner Activity Scales for clinical outcomes and with EQ-VAS for a quantitative measure of health after intervention, starting from pre-operative period and at regular follow up (minimum 88 months-maximum 208 months).ResultsA significant increment of all scores was noticed comparing preoperative and postoperative results. In particular medium IKDC score increased from 40.3 ± 9.6 in preoperative evaluation to 74.2 ± 11.6 at one year (p < 0.00001) and to 83.9 ± 10.4 at 5 years follow up (p < 0.001). Mean IKDC values at the last follow-up were 80.3 ± 14.2, showing no statistical differences with those obtained at five-year follow-up. Tegner Activity Scale values increased from 2.8 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 4.1 ± 1.1 (p < 0.0001) after one year and to 6 ± 1.1 at five years (p < 0.0001). Mean Tegner Activity Scale values decreased to 4.8 ± 1.4 at the last follow-up. EQ-VAS evaluation showed superposable results comparing the 5 years evaluation with the ones at a medium follow up of 162 ± 27 months.DiscussionThe most important finding is the reliability at long-term of ACI technique, which in our series gave excellent clinical results. No statistical differences were observed between first- and second-generation. Clinical outcomes were significantly better for defects in the femoral condyles, influenced by age (worse results over 30 years old).ConclusionsACI represents a valid technique for chondral and osteochondral lesions of the knee in a population heterogeneous for age, sex and activity level with good results even at a long term follow up.     

多孔金属植入材料在骨科的应用

因外伤、肿瘤、感染等原因造成的骨缺损是骨科临床常见疾患,目前解决这一问题的主要方法为自体骨移植或同种异体骨移植.自体骨移植主要存在取骨量有限,造成附加损伤,感染,出血等缺陷.同种异体骨存在价格昂贵,免疫排斥反应等问题.此外,多种骨材料替代物也越来越多地应用于研究和临床,比如羟基磷灰石,生物陶瓷等.近年来,多孔金属材料由于其良好的生物相容性,较好的抗压强度和与骨接近的弹性模量等优点逐渐成为研究热点.本文针对多孔镁、多孔铁、多孔镍、多孔钽、多孔钛等不同材质的多孔金属材料,对其构建方法、理化特性、基础研究、临床应用等方面进行综述.     

应用分子对接技术模拟预测黄芩改善胰岛素抵抗的物质基础

目的 应用分子对接技术模拟预测黄芩改善胰岛素抵抗的活性物质,揭示黄芩改善胰岛素抵抗的物质基础.方法 应用分子对接技术对黄芩所含43种化合物与胰岛素抵抗有关的24个靶点进行对接筛选,并采用Cytoscape软件建立多成分-多靶点网络模型.结果 黄芩中有14个化合物与12个以上的靶点有较好的结合活性.结论 通过分子对接技术模拟筛选出黄芩中改善胰岛素抵抗的活性成分,为中药复方的物质基础研究提供参考.     

后牙牙槽嵴顶保存手术中异种移植材料的应用效果研究

目的  分析异种移植材料应用于后牙牙槽嵴顶保存术的临床效果。方法  选取2012年1月-2014年12月该院口腔科治疗拔除后牙并要求种植修复的80例患者为研究对象。将患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组40例。治疗组微创拔牙后,于牙槽窝内植入Bio-Oss Collagen骨胶原,并采用Bio-Gide生物膜覆盖于牙槽窝表面;对照组微创拔牙后直接给予缝合,待自然愈合。在拔牙术后即刻及6个月后测量并计算牙槽嵴宽度与高度的变化量、牙间乳突高度变化量及唇舌向宽度变化量。记录两组患者6个月后植入种植体直径及长度。结果  治疗组患者的牙槽嵴高度变化量为（0.37±0.96）mm,大于对照组[（-0.65±1.32）mm],差异有统计学意义（t = -3.952,P =0.000）。治疗组患者的牙槽嵴宽度变化量为（-0.84±0.91）mm,低于对照组患者[（-2.13±1.17）mm],差异有统计学意义（t =-5.504,P =0.000）。治疗组患者的牙间乳突高度变化量为（-0.11±0.23）mm,低于对照组患者[（-1.32±0.76）mm],差异有统计学意义（t =-10.124,P =0.000）。治疗组患者的唇舌向宽度变化量为（-0.04±0.23）mm,低于对照组患者[（-1.02±0.78）mm],差异有统计学意义（t =-7.622,P =0.000）。治疗组16（40.0%）例患者种植体直径为4.1 mm,24（60.0%）例患者种植体直径为4.8 mm;对照组27（67.5%）例患者种植体直径为4.1mm,13（32.5%）例患者种植体直径为4.8 mm,经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.084,P =0.014）。治疗组4（10.0%）例患者种植体长度为8 mm,25（62.5%）例患者种植体长度为10 mm,11（27.5%）例患者种植体长度为12 mm;对照组18（45.0%）例患者种植体长度为8 mm,17（42.5%）例患者种植体长度为10 mm,5（12.5%）例患者种植体长度为12 mm,经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义（χ2=12.683,P =0.002）。结论  Bio-Oss Collagen骨胶原和Bio-Gide可吸收生物膜作为拔牙后牙槽窝的骨代材料能够更好地维持牙槽嵴顶高度及宽度的稳定性,有利于后期牙体种植操作的开展。

     

对比剂注射技术在冠状动脉CTA成像中的应用

目的 探讨对比剂注射技术在冠状动脉CTA成像中的应用.方法 收集150例行冠状动脉CTA成像患者,随机抽取50例二期相对比剂注射技术为A组,三期相对比剂注射技术分B1组(1.0 mL/kg)和B2组(0.8mL/kg)各50例.A组:一期碘普罗胺1.0 mL/kg,注射速率4.5mL/s;二期生理盐水30 mL,注射速率4.0 mL/s.B1组:一期碘普罗胺按1.0 mL/kg对比剂总量的75％,注射速率4.5 mL/s;二期碘普罗胺按对比剂注射总量的25％+生理盐水按1:1浓度,注射速率4.0 mL/s;三期生理盐水25 mL,注射速率3.5 mL/s.B2组:一期碘普罗胺(0.8 mL/kg)按对比剂注射总量的75％,注射速率4.5 mL/s;二期碘普罗胺按对比剂注射总量的25％+生理盐水按1:1浓度,注射速率4.0 mL/s;三期生理盐水25 mL,注射速率4.5 mL/s.将图像根据5分制评分标准,评分在3分及以上的受检者纳入研究.结果 3种对比剂注射技术的比较显示B2组与A组、B1组对比剂用量有统计学意义(P＜0.05).右心房、左右心室、主动脉根部和冠状动脉密度A组与B1组、B2组比较,右心房与右心室密度差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 冠状动脉CTA成像采用三期相对比剂优化注射技术,在保证图像质量的基础上,可以减少对比剂用量.     

弥散加权成像联合普美显磁共振成像在肝癌TACE术后疗效评估中的应用

目的 探讨弥散加权成像(DWI)联合普美显(Gd-EOB-DTPA)MR成像在肝癌TACE后疗效评估中的应用价值.方法 20例确诊肝癌患者于TACE术前、术后行上腹部DWI及Gd-EOB-DTPA动态增强扫描,定性分析TACE术前、术后肝癌活性成分,坏死和复发转移情况.测量TACE术前、术后病灶的表观弥散系数(ADC)值和信号值(signal intensity,SI),并计算术前、术后病灶的动脉期对比增强比(CER)和动脉期的信号比(SIR),对定量参数ADC、CER和SIR值进行配对样本t检验.结果 本组20例患者共检出肝癌病灶45个.TACE术后瘤灶内残存及复发部分在DWI图像上呈高信号,ADC图上信号低于正常肝组织,动脉期可见明显强化,门脉期及平衡期强化减退,肝胆特异期呈明显低信号;瘤灶内坏死部分DWI序列呈低信号,ADC图上为高信号,增强扫描后无强化,肝胆特异期亦呈明显低信号.肝癌病灶术前、术后ADC值分别为(1.52±0.16)×10-3 mm2/s和(1.70±0.28)×10-3 mm2/s,术后肝癌病灶的ADC值普遍升高,两者的差异有统计学意义.肝癌TACE术后的CER动脉期和SIR动脉期值减小,与术前相比,两者的差异有统计学意义.有效组肝癌病灶的术后ADC值大于无效组,而其CER动脉期和SIR动脉期值均小于无效组,两者术后的ADC、CER动脉期和SIR动脉期值的差异均有统计学意义.结论 联合应用DWI和Gd-EOB-DTPA增强MR成像能有效评估肝癌TACE术后病灶存活及坏死情况,检出早期复发、新发灶及转移灶,对制定下一步治疗方案具有重要意义.     

Cost consequences due to reduced ulcer healing times – analyses based on the Swedish Registry of Ulcer Treatment

Resource use and costs for topical treatment of hard‐to‐heal ulcers based on data from the Swedish Registry of Ulcer Treatment (RUT) were analysed in patients recorded in RUT as having healed between 2009 and 2012, in order to estimate potential cost savings from reductions in frequency of dressing changes and healing times. RUT is used to capture areas of improvement in ulcer care and to enable structured wound management by registering patients with hard‐to‐heal leg, foot and pressure ulcers. Patients included in the registry are treated in primary care, community care, private care, and inpatient hospital care. Cost calculations were based on resource use data on healing time and frequency of dressing changes in Swedish patients with hard‐to‐heal ulcers who healed between 2009 and 2012. Per‐patient treatment costs decreased from SEK38 223 in 2009 to SEK20 496 in 2012, mainly because of shorter healing times. Frequency of dressing changes was essentially the same during these years, varying from 1·4 to 1·6 per week. The total healing time was reduced by 38%. Treatment costs for the management of hard‐to‐heal ulcers can be reduced with well‐developed treatment strategies resulting in shortened healing times as shown in RUT.     

磷酸化蛋白质组学富集策略进展及其在疾病研究中的应用

蛋白质磷酸化是生物体内重要的翻译后修饰,几乎参与调节着细胞增殖、信号转导、新陈代谢、肿瘤发生等过程在内的所有生命活动。对磷酸化蛋白质组的全面分析可以帮助人们深入了解磷酸化蛋白在生命过程中的作用,协助发现生物标志物,辅助疾病的诊疗。然而,磷酸化蛋白丰度低、信号被非磷酸化肽段所掩盖等问题限制了磷酸化蛋白质组学的发展。因此,亟需开发高效的富集策略,如设计新型纳米材料,合并多种分析方法等,以提高检测灵敏度、富集特异性,增大富集容量。本文回顾了近年来磷酸化蛋白质组学研究策略中的富集策略进展及其在疾病研究中的应用。     

面向非医学信息学专业的医学信息学教材建设探析

列举国内外医学信息学代表教材,参考国际医学信息学会的建议,针对国内非医学信息学专业医学生医学信息学教材存在的问题,提出整合先进的医学信息学内容,阐明教材编写原则及形式,以期加强非医学信息学专业医学生的医学信息学教育水平。     

Bone formation of middle ear cavity using biphasic calcium phosphate lyophilized with Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 using animal model

Objective

The aim of the study was to analyze the value of Escherichia coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2) coated biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) for the obliteration of middle ear bone defect after mastoid surgery.

Methods

Twenty-four specific pathogen-free Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the BCP group (n = 12) and BCP-ErhBMP-2 group (n = 12; in which BCP scaffold of the granular type was coated with ErhBMP-2). In both groups, BCP scaffold was used to surgically fill the middle ear bulla. New bone formation was evaluated by measuring bone density (%) after 4 and 8 weeks in all rats in both groups.

Results

At 4 weeks, new bone was visible at the periphery and center of the middle ear cavity in both groups. In the BCP group, a moderate amount of fibrous tissue had infiltrated into the interspace of the scaffolds. New bone almost totally filled the interspace in the BCP-ErhBMP-2 group. At 8 weeks, copious new bone formation had occurred. Histometric measurements showed that bone density in the BCP group was smaller than in the BCP-ErhBMP-2 group at 4 weeks (25.10% and 38.43%, respectively; p < 0.05) and 8 weeks (25.54% and 34.18%, respectively; p < 0.05).

Conclusions

New bone formation was greater in the presence of BCP-ErhBMP-2 scaffolds. ErhBMP-2 coated BCP scaffolds is a potentially useful material for middle ear obliteration after mastoidectomy.